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Hydraulic Excavator Parts – The Definitive FAQ Guide

The Hydraulic Excavator Parts FAQ Guide will help you understand things to know before buying and details about the parts of hydraulic excavators such as hydraulics. This guide contains information on excavator parts, the material used in manufacturing, seals, noise, maintenance requirements, hydraulic hammer, bucket and much more.

1. What are hydraulic excavator parts?

Hydraulic excavator parts are hydraulic device assemblies used to raise or lower the bucket of a digging machine. These parts allow for smooth excavation of land without interrupting excavation processes.

They are the parts that make up an excavator machine, which can easily be attached without any problem. Hydraulic excavator parts are parts made from different materials.

Hydraulic excavator parts are ‘hydraulic parts’ are mechanical devices used to convert energy into force and movement. They function through a pressurized liquid such as hydraulic fluid, which is used to push out the piston in the cylinder to move different excavator parts.

2. What is included in hydraulic excavator parts?

The hydraulic Excavator is composed of several parts. Some of these parts are listed below for your reference:

• Excavator arm cylinder
• Excavator boom cylinder
• Excavator bucket cylinder
• Excavator’s arm
• Excavator boom
• Excavator bucket
• Excavator hydraulic cylinder
• Excavator operator cabin
• Excavator operator seating mechanism
• Excavator slewing bearing
• Excavator travel device
• Excavator final drive
• Excavator cab body
• Excavator stick
• Excavator bottom rollers
• Excavator radiator
• Excavator track springs
• Excavator hydraulic pump
• Excavator control valves

These parts collectively help your Excavator in achieving its function of excavation. Without a single part, the hydraulic Excavator is unable to function effectively. Different parts have different design structures and specific features and functions associated.

3. What type of materials used in making hydraulic excavator parts?

There are several types of materials used in the construction of hydraulic excavator parts. Metal is the most common material used in hydraulic excavator parts, with steel and alloys of aluminum and iron, cast steel, forged steel, polyurethane being the most common. These materials are usually mixed with other elements to improve durability and reduce costs.

Seals are usually made up of polyurethane, Polytetrafluoroethylene, or rubber, depending on the working conditions they need to operate. Track shoes can be made of steel or alloy steel. Hydraulic cylinders are usually made up of forged steel prepared by heat treatment, and then development is done with a hammer. Each material equipped with specific properties of durability, wear and tear resistance and so on.

4. What is the role of the boom cylinder in hydraulic excavator parts?

The boom cylinder is one of the most important parts of a hydraulic Excavator. It can be said that Excavator itself is unable to work if the boom cylinder breaks down. The main function of a boom cylinder is to extend or retract the boom or the bucket attachment of your hydraulic Excavator.

Boom cylinders are the parts of a hydraulic system that circulate the pressurized hydraulic oil to the piston, which moves to and from and provides the necessary power to raise and lower your boom. Boom cylinder rod length shall consider when you choose your boom cylinder, there will be a proportional relationship between the cylinder rod’s length and stroke. This will affect the positioning of your boom.

5. What do you mean by arm cylinder in hydraulic excavator parts?

The Arm Cylinder is one of the most important components in a hydraulic excavator. When an operator needs to move the excavator arm in a certain direction, the Arm Cylinder will help turn the excavator arm in that direction. It also provides the force required to control the position of your excavator bucket attachment.

The arm cylinder is made of steel (chrome-plated) and is located in the arm of your Excavator. The arm cylinder transfers hydraulic fluid under pressure into the cylinder assembly. A hydraulic excavator uses a piston as the main moving force to control the motion of the arm, bucket and other attachments.

6. What is the role of the bucket cylinder in hydraulic excavator parts?

The Excavator bucket cylinder is the hydraulic cylinder that controls the movement of the excavator bucket. It also functions to compress the spring or suspension for controlling the bucket stroke (height) and stabilizing the whole machine. The Excavator’s bucket cylinder is mounted on the side of the bucket, and the cylinder and its linkages are installed under the bucket.

Bucket cylinders are connected hydraulically to the bucket. The bucket cylinder and bucket work together to hydraulically dig, move, and load using the flow control valve. The underground work will be done with the help of a bucket, so the bucket cylinder must be strong enough to excavate all sorts of soil, especially when the ground is wet and muddy.

7. How long do hydraulic excavator parts last?

The life span of various hydraulic excavator parts depends upon the type of Excavator and usage. The average life span of a boom cylinder is 30,000 hours. It varies from 10,000 hours to 40,000 hours for different types of cylinders. Similarly, track frames, double-acting cylinders, and hydraulic motors have an average life span of 8,500, 20,000 and 15,000 hours, respectively.

This lifetime varies depending on several factors, including followed operation and maintenance requirements, working temperature and pressure, frequency of usage etc. You can increase the lifetime of various excavator parts if you frequently follow the maintenance requirements after each operation of your Excavator.

8. What is the importance of a pump in hydraulic excavator parts?

When it comes to using a hydraulic excavator, one of the important parts for you to understand is that of the hydraulic pump. Pumps are used to move hydraulic fluid throughout the hydraulic systems of the machine.

These pumps are powered by gasoline or diesel engines and provide hydraulic power to the machine, lifting steel and moving it through the machine’s entire set of excavating function.

The pump supplies the hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic cylinders through manifold and distribution lines at certain pressure according to different working conditions and various requirements (such as the shape of the surface, hardness of layers, digging depth, diameter of the bucket, the bite force of coupler…etc.).

9. What kind of oil to use in hydraulic excavator parts?

Hydraulic Excavator can operate for long hours. Therefore, hydraulic excavator parts’ efficiency and performances are very important and mainly depend on hydraulic fluid. An improper hydraulic oil can cause many problems to excavator owners, damages to the Excavator and excessive maintenance on the hydraulic pumps.

It would be better to consider all kinds of oil from many aspects such as raw material, performance, cost and environmental protection before buying any oil. ISO VG 46 and ISO VG 68 are the hydraulic oils that are recommended and widely used in different types of excavators. They have viscosity, cleaning and coolant properties embedded which keeps your excavator operation smooth.

10. What cost is associated with hydraulic excavator parts?

The cost of various excavator parts varies depending on several factors. The major factors affecting the price includes material quantity, material type, material characteristics, the shape of components, design structure. The cost of some major excavator parts is as follows:

The cost of a high-quality excavator boom with a 100 mm lifting height lies in the range of $500 to $1000 per piece. The cost of a high-quality Excavator hydraulic pump lies in the range of $1700 to $1800 per piece. The cost of excavator tracks undercarriage track chain lies in $500 to $1000 per piece. The price of rubber track for your excavator tracks lies in the range of $200 to $1200 per piece.

11. What issues are associated with hydraulic excavator parts?

Hydraulic excavator parts involve many different issues, and ultimately the functionality of the Excavator is what will be in question. Understanding these issues can help to resolve any problems with the right part that is failing. Most of the issues are related due to continuous working under pressure.The main issues that could arise would be the failure of a cylinder due to wear and tear.

Other types of failures that may happen are a problem with the oil seals, the movement of the pistons, or even wearing down the teeth on the gears. Overloading may result in cracks that produce vibrations or unpleasant sounds. Cracks may also lead to hydraulic fluid leakage and make your component unable to build up the required pressure.

12. What are the characteristics of oil employed in hydraulic excavator parts?

The oil employed in hydraulic excavator parts should be suitable for heat or cold working environments. It involves effective working in high temperature with a relative humidity level of 10%.To ensure enough performance and extend working life, oil employed in excavator parts needs sufficient flow property (low viscosity), good thermal stability (not prone to degradation under high temperature and long-term operation), excellent oxidation stability.

Hydraulic oil is used for closed circuits such as your excavator hydraulic system. It consists of four parts: synthetic hydrocarbon base oils (for high-temperature operations), synthetic fats (for cold temperature operations), solid additives (for wear resistance of seats & seals), and emulsifiers/demulsifies (to increase fluidity).

13. What are the causes of the failure of hydraulic excavator parts?

If you are wondering what causes of failure of hydraulic excavator parts, many aspects require attention. The most common failures of the Hydraulic Excavator are due to the breach of the control system, such as the brake failure caused by leakage of brake fluid or excessive wear of brake pads. The oil leakage caused by the damage and wear of hydraulic cylinders under high pressure.

Electrical components malfunction due to poor electrical connections. The high temperature and pressure in the working state of hydraulic excavator parts cause long-term use of the features to produce abrasion and deformation. However, damage to any of the components can make the machine unusable and result in significant downtime if not repaired properly.

14. What causes leakage in hydraulic excavator parts?

Many factors may contribute to leakage in hydraulic excavator parts. These may include the following:

• Oil pump failure,
• Bad seals or loose bolts,
• Damage to lines or hoses by tangling with other parts,
• Oil leakage due to the defective hydraulic cylinder,
• Burrs, gouging (wrong size or depth),
• Faded anodizing,
• Improper assembly (excessive spring pressure)

Excavator hydraulic parts are always in contact with soil, water, and other contaminations, all of which must be removed at hydraulic cylinders, making the system no leakage. The formation of rust and rust flakes causes the appearance of leakage in the machine’s working mechanism.

Hydraulic fluid leakage in excavator parts causes machine performance to be poor due to the reduction of power. The way to solve this problem is to replace the worn parts as soon as possible.

15. What working principle do hydraulic excavator parts utilize?

The working principle of the hydraulic Excavator is based on hydraulics. The working principle of hydraulic excavator parts utilizes the concept that applying pressure to a confined liquid is much more effective than using direct force, which ultimately moves your excavator parts, including boom, arm, bucket, tracks. This means that only a fraction of the effort required to operate any other piece of heavy machinery is ever needed to operate some of the world’s largest and most powerful machines.

Excavators are equipped with various parts, including boom or arm cylinders, track frames, hydraulic cylinders, etc. Excavator parts are designed to make excavating, dredging or digging operations easy. These parts work together to make the whole equipment operating smoothly without any breakdowns.

16. What are the benefits of hydraulic excavator parts?

There are several benefits associated with your hydraulic excavator parts. Some of the benefits are listed below for your reference: Hydraulic excavator parts can lower costs for businesses by having one simple machine to do many jobs and helps construction companies have speedy project completions, including manual laborer with slower speeds.

The machine can lift objects that weigh up to 34 210 lbs., so you will never get stuck with any job. They provide the necessary force to break up or remove the building, road and other materials. Hydraulic excavators are used in construction, manufacturing, and agriculture.

17. What is the role of seals in hydraulic excavator parts?

The seals are a hard-working part of hydraulic excavator parts. The seals are used in various functions within the hydraulic excavator parts depending on the type of seal used. The most common type of seal is called the compression seal and is used to seal and contain the pressure within one area.

Excavator seals keep the lubricating oil inside the hydraulic cylinders where it is needed. Seals are designed to withstand corrosion by hydraulic fluids and heat that build up when the Excavator is operating. In addition to these extreme conditions, seals must also keep out dirt, grit and other contaminants that would rapidly wear down bearings. Sealing components, such as O-rings, are used in all hydraulic excavator parts to ensure a consistent and efficient operation.

18. What is the lifetime of seals in hydraulic excavator parts?

The seal is the most important part for keeping the oil remaining in a certain range and ensuring the machine’s smooth flow of oil and gas. The lifespan of seals depends on a lot of variables. These include the type, quality and amount of hydraulic oil used. In addition, operating pressure and temperature, the number of start/stop cycles, working environment and degree of excitation are also variable that influence seal lifetime.

In general, the lifetime of seals varies between 3 to 5 years. Improper hydraulics maintenance can dramatically reduce the effective lifetime of seals in hydraulic excavator parts. But with some intelligent ways of care and use, operational and expending lifetimes of seals can be extended.

19. What is the role of hydraulic lines in hydraulic excavator parts?

Hydraulic lines are the essential parts of your hydraulic Excavator because they transmit hydraulic fluid between components such as valves and cylinders. Without these, your Excavator’s parts wouldn’t move and neither lift up and down. Hydraulic lines in excavator parts mainly include hydraulic hoses, hydraulic pipes, couplings and connectors, lubrication fittings, etc.

In addition to the flow and return pipes, they also include hydraulic fluid reserve tanks and filters, lubrication components, pressure relief valves and blast valves. This can be used to power various components, such as a boom, arm, and bucket. Hydraulic lines are available in varying lengths and diameters based on where they will be installed.

20. What do you mean by a hydraulic hammer in hydraulic excavator parts?

The hydraulic hammer is one of the most important hydraulic components of an excavator. The main role of the hydraulic hammer is to deliver a short and intense blow to rock formations or objects that must be broken or drilled before excavation work can proceed. The blow is delivered utilizing a smashing piston within the cylinder rapidly in succession.

The precise mechanism depends on the make and model of the Excavator, but the basic principle remains the same; the piston is charged with high-pressure oil and forced together by hydraulic valves for a short period at high speed. The operator can control the degree of breakage by adjusting the fluid pressure of the machine. Higher pressure causes a more severe breakage, and lower pressure causes a gentler one.

21. What is the purpose of the bucket in hydraulic excavator parts?

The bucket is the first and most important part of the Excavator. A bucket is lifting or digging device that is attached to the front of a hydraulic excavator. The bucket is used for many different purposes. An excavator’s bucket may be used for digging, lifting, and grabbing objects from the ground.

In some excavators, the bucket can pivot down 90 degrees so that it can dig as well as grab at an angle. The telescoping boom on an excavator is typically partnered with a bucket. This arrangement allows maximum operator versatility with all manipulation of objects encountered in the work area.

22. How to change hydraulic oil in various hydraulic excavator parts

Hydraulic fluid is one of the most important parts of your Excavator. It has to be clean and free of impurities, and it must perform perfectly. Hydraulic fluid selection depends on various factors, including machine type, characteristics associated, and operating environment. There are valves located on the cabin which incorporates hydraulic oil into your Excavator.

A hydraulic pump filled with oil is connected to the nozzles and is used to fill the oil inside. First, the old oil or used oil is drained out. After filling the oil, test your Excavator.

23. Why import hydraulic excavator parts from China?

Importing your hydraulic excavator parts from china help, you save cost and achieve high-quality excavator components. Chinese manufacturers also provide custom hydraulic excavator parts. You can modify the material, specifications, and characteristics of your hydraulic excavator parts.

They provide you with an opportunity to order as much as you want without any limitation on the quantity of order. These manufacturers directly deliver your hydraulic excavator parts to your address without the complication of custom duties.

24. What maintenance requirements associated with hydraulic excavator parts?

A variety of maintenance requirements. Hydraulic excavator parts, in general, should be regularly maintained according to the characteristics of construction, operation, environment, business principle, operation time (such as high-pressure close type brake parts) to prolong the service life of the details. The oil and grease should be checked in visible places to see that it has a normal colour.

The hydraulic machinery should be drained free from dirt or water. The fittings and other small parts must be checked for security and reliability. The brakes and the suspensions should be well-lubricated to avoid delays in work if any problem occurs.

25. What do you mean by noise in hydraulic excavator parts?

Hydraulic excavator parts, the noise of the working hydraulic system is a matter that most worry about. Excavator noise is caused by several factors: faulty main hydraulic pump, defective engine, loose parts, worn tracks, and engines that need lubrication. The high-pressure system in the Excavator is likely to create a louder sound than the low-pressure nozzles.

The noise is mainly generated by the excitation of the hydraulic components for vibration at work. This is because a proportion of the engine’s rotating speed is transmitted to the main internal gear pump and transferred through the high-pressure piston pump to the Excavator’s main operating shaft. This noise can be reduced by proper lubrication and maintenance.