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Hydraulic Excavator Components – The Definitive FAQ Guide

This hydraulic excavator components guide answer the most common questions about hydraulic excavator components.

You will find detailed information about hydraulic excavator components and their function in this guide.

This guide contains information on hydraulic excavator components, cost, working principle, issues and much more.

1.    What do you mean by hydraulic excavator components?

Hydraulic excavator components consist of several moving and static parts that are used to manufacture an excavator.

Excavators, also known as “diggers” or “machines, ” are used in various industries. These types of machinery come in different sizes and shapes.

The parts of an excavator help to manipulate the movements and actions to the excavator carry out its operations, including digging, lifting and transporting.

Most of the hydraulic excavator components are powered by hydraulic fluids.

Hydraulics are necessary to have an effective machine that is capable of doing jobs efficiently and effectively.

These parts are connected employing bolts, screws or other attachments to make up an excavator.

2.    What is included in hydraulic excavator components?

There are several components present in an excavator. These hydraulic excavator components include major and minor elements.

The major hydraulic excavator components are listed below:

• Excavator Cabs
• Excavator Arms
• Excavator Booms
• Excavator arm cylinder
• Excavator bucket cylinder
• Excavator boom cylinder
• Excavator hydraulic pump
• Excavator control valves
• Excavator final drives
• Excavator swing motor
• Excavator propel motors
• Excavator engine
• Excavator swing gearboxes
• Excavator swing bearings

All these forms the basic moving parts of a hydraulic excavator and perform their work efficiently.

Missing any single hydraulic excavator component from your excavator may result in a malfunctioning excavator.

When you buy your hydraulic excavator components, you purchase many different parts and pieces and amazing performance capabilities.

3.    What materials are used in making hydraulic excavator components?

There are several materials used in the manufacturing of your hydraulic excavator components. These materials are described below:

Materials used in making excavator components are raw material, alloy steel, cast iron, aluminum alloys, rubber and polyurethane.

The steel material is ideal for making the ram, swing, stick and boom cylinders because they need to withstand a lot of pressure.

Some of the bolts and nuts used may be made of stainless steel.

The walls of these cylinders are much thicker than the walls of other types of cylinders.

In addition, some parts are usually made from forged steel. Forging is a metal that has been heated red-hot and then shaped using a hammer or press.

4.    What is the role of the hydraulic pump in hydraulic excavator components?

The pump is the soul of the hydraulic excavator components.

A hydraulic pump is a positive displacement device for converting the pressure of a liquid into a mechanical force.

It provides a flow of hydraulic fluid under pressure to the hydraulic components like the boom cylinder, bucket cylinder, controls, and other components to produce work such as excavating, placing concrete, pushing things, and crushing rocks.

The hydraulic pump has a wide variety of parts to complete its jobs, such as pistons, valves, gears, shafts, and bearings.

Without it, an excavator would be just an engine mounted on the chassis of a vehicle.

5.    What is the lifetime specified for hydraulic excavator components?

The lifetime of hydraulic excavator components is the duration for which a part can be used repeatedly without breaking down or doing non-stop work continuously without any damage.

The general lifetime of hydraulic excavator components should be 2 to 5 years. However, it depends on how well the excavator has been maintained.

Some factors can influence the life of excavator components, including:

Hot, dry environments will cause premature wear or failure of equipment, excavator type and application, how often the component is used, followed maintenance requirements.

It is not unusual for a well-maintained and properly operated piece of equipment to have a life span of 10 to 20 years.

6.    What are the maintenance requirements of hydraulic excavator components?

Excavator machine components are key to its performance.

All of the components in an excavator machine rely on each other to ensure its durability and optimal performance.

If one component is not working properly, the machine will require more energy to run, and the integrity of the whole system is compromised, causing it to operate less efficiently.

As long as they are never operated in a way beyond their maximum capacity, hydraulic excavator cylinders will last for the life of the machine.

• All hydraulic excavator components must be cleaned regularly from dirt, debris, sand or other foreign particles.
• Make sure to lubricate your excavator components frequently to reduce wear and tear due to friction.
• Operate your excavator correctly.
• Inspect your excavator components after each operation to observe if any cracks or leakage exists.
• Determine any unpleasant sound, vibrations or noise during operation and remove it.

7.    What do you mean by troubleshooting hydraulic excavator components?

Troubleshooting is defined as a process to open up each and every component of your hydraulic excavator to find a malfunctioned one.

Hydraulic excavator components are very sensitive. That’s why you need to check and test everything if you have a problem with them.

The systems should work perfectly because if one component does not work properly, some damages can be caused.

These machines are widely used in road construction, landscaping, tunnel construction and many other places where the ground has to be levelled, or the dirt has to be removed.

The usual process of troubleshooting hydraulic excavator components starts with examining all valves and cylinders and then observing possible problems with tracks.

The troubleshooting process helps to increase the life of your hydraulic excavator components and a good maintenance measure.

8.    What is the cost of hydraulic excavator components?

The cost of your hydraulic excavator components depends on several factors.

These factors include the type of the component, material characteristics and quantity, warranty, lifetime and much more.

The cost of your hydraulic excavator cabin with an embedded seat high-quality PC200 lies in the range of $1000 to $2300 per piece.

The price of a high-quality hydraulic excavator slewing bearing varies from 1275 to 1300 per piece.

The cost of your excavator hydraulic cylinder, arm cylinder or boom cylinder lies in the range of $200 to $1000 per piece.

An excavator final drive price lies in the range of $700 to $2000 per piece.

The higher cost associated with any excavator component will ultimately lead to higher lifetime and effective performance.

9.    What type of oil is used for hydraulic excavator components?

Many different oils can be used with hydraulic excavator components.

Every component requires a specific kind of oil-based on that particular component’s application.

Hydraulic oil is made with base stock that is usually synthetic or petroleum-based.

Other chemicals are added to the base stocks to ensure a longer life span for machinery operating under pressure and added performance features.

Usually, the oil with higher viscosity and embedded cooling properties ensure the longevity and smooth operation of various excavator components.

It is also recommended that the manufacturer’s instructions are followed.

In general, the VG 46 with ISO 46 viscosity is preferred to use for various excavator components.

10.  What are the problems associated with hydraulic excavator components?

There are several issues associated with hydraulic excavator components. Some of the major issues are listed below:

If the machine is working in a harsh environment under tough conditions, it may face wear and tear and corrosion.

Tough excavating jobs may ultimately lead to cracks on the components or leakage of hydraulic fluid, empowering the element.

The cracks associated with your hydraulic excavator components may lead to unpleasant noise or vibrations that affect other excavator components.

The major issues that create problems in the working of the hydraulic excavator parts are high temperature and high pressure, which can cause excess stress and leads to malfunctioning.

11.  What is the role of seals in hydraulic excavator components?

The performance of seals is highly important to the implementation of hydraulic excavator components, and thus it is important to mention their roles.

The seal is a mechanical device used to prevent the leakage of hydraulic oil and maintain required pressure within hydraulic excavator components.

Due to the high requirement of quality, the seal’s performance directly affects the machine’s operational reliability and service life.

The seals are one of the hydraulic excavator components in various materials (rubber, PTFE, thermoplastics, elastomers) and designs.

They can be found on excavator boom, bucket cylinders, arm cylinder, engine, and pumps.

Hydraulic excavator seals should always be kept in good working conditions to prevent leakage.

12.  What do you mean by excavator bucket in hydraulic excavator components?

An Excavator bucket is attached or a component of hydraulic excavators. An Excavator bucket is used for digging and lifting different objects.

The Excavator bucket is highly versatile and engineered for a wide range of applications.

The Excavator bucket is a big component of the hydraulic excavator, which is the structure to transport the earth in the construction site or road repair. It is mainly composed of blade with sharp teeth that play their role in excavation.

The Excavator bucket is made from high-quality stainless steel or alloy steel with varying thickness depending on the strength.

Excavator receives its operational power through the bucket cylinder, which helps in its motion.

13.  What do you mean by dynamic hydraulic excavator components?

Dynamic hydraulic excavator components refer to all the components which remain in motion or continuous movement.

Dynamic refers to all components that develop pressure (hydraulic pressure) on demand.

This instance refers to all components in relation to the demand in terms of construction equipment, excavator unit, boom mechanism control parts such as cylinders and valves for boom movement, and boom position control.

Dynamic hydraulic excavator components are the main force behind your excavator.

Dynamic hydraulic excavator components include both relative and absolute types.

The relative type is variable basic dynamic components, including boom and stick, bucket, swing drive, degree motor axial piston motor, control valve body, etc.

The absolute type is fixed dynamic components, including traction machine body frame, wheel carrier assembly, hydraulic cylinder unit, excavating arm assembly, pump and motor assembly.

14.    When to change the fluid of hydraulic excavator components?

The hydraulic fluid in excavator components needs to be changed regularly.

If it is not, the machine can be seriously damaged when these parts are used; and the service life of the excavator will be significantly shortened.

The fluid in hydraulic excavator components, especially in the cylinders, is a mixture of several types of oil with various characteristics based on the machine model.

Most manufacturers recommend replacing different oils at different time intervals. In addition, the colour of the oil, depending on the working conditions, the pressure and the flow rate of the oil.

Therefore, it is important to periodically check the oil level and viscosity of hydraulic excavator components fluid and replace it if necessary.

15.  Is noise associated with hydraulic excavator components?

Noise is generated in all machines that use moving parts.

The temperature inside the machinery, weather, and its operation are factors that can affect it.

Manufacturers design and produce excavators to meet industry noise regulations.

Still, there are cases when noise associated with hydraulic excavator components appears.

This may happen due to improper performance or lack of maintenance in the machine.

Hydraulic excavator components are generally do produce an increased level of noise.

This is caused by the actuators (i.e., a piston, motor, or electric valve) inside the engine that moves significantly higher volumes of fluid to generate hydraulic pressure (or hydrostatic pressure) against a machine’s pistons (either fixed or moving).

16.  What do you mean by the Hs Code of hydraulic excavator components?

Hs Code for Hydraulic Excavator Components offers the most up-to-date and comprehensive details for both manufacturers and traders.

Hs code is an eight-digit code associated with various components of your excavator. Hs code varies from component to component.

It is widely used in import and export around the globe and provides ease in identifying your excavator component.

It determines the country from which the component is imported, imported date and time, port from which imported, quantity imported, cost per unit and the total cost of importation.

Hs code also assists in determine the quantity of specific component available in the stock of hydraulic excavator components.

17.  What characteristics embedded in oil used in hydraulic excavator components?

The oil used in hydraulic excavator components is an indispensable part of the hydraulic system.

The performance of the excavator machine, the safe and stable operation of the machine are all closely related to the quality and characteristics of the oil type used in your excavator.

The oil used in the hydraulic excavator components has a high viscosity and acid resistance and can resist corrosion from the alkaline substance.

In addition, it acts as a coolant and decreases the temperature to ensure the operational efficiency of all parts of the machine.

The oil reduces friction between various contacting parts of your excavator hydraulic components.

If the oil does not meet the standard will directly affect the performance of the equipment.

18.  What are the parts of the pump used in hydraulic excavator components?

The pump is a hydraulic apparatus mounted on the excavator. The role of the pump is to pass hydraulic oil under pressure to all parts of the excavator.

The hydraulic pump is made up of several components, and these components are listed below:

• Excavator hydraulic pump Cover
• Excavator hydraulic pump valve plate r
• Excavator hydraulic pump valve plate r
• Excavator hydraulic pump cylinder block
• Excavator hydraulic pump ring
• Excavator hydraulic pump bolt
• Excavator hydraulic pump retainer plate
• Excavator hydraulic pump piston
• Excavator hydraulic pump center pin
• Excavator hydraulic pump drive shaft left
• Excavator hydraulic pump drive shaft right

With malfunctioning of even a single component mentioned above may leads to excessive damage to your excavator.

19.  What are the reasons for leakage in hydraulic excavator components?

Leakage in hydraulic excavator accessories is a matter of great concern. Switch valve, hydraulic motors, piston rod and other points are subject to leakage.

The reasons for leakage in hydraulic excavator components include: the body is cracked, damages on internal parts and functional devices, improper installation of excavator hydraulic components, the components use inappropriate oil, and improper operation of components.

Damaged or worn-out seals may also result in leakage in your excavator hydraulic components.

The leakage of such parts can cost much time for maintenance and repair work.

Therefore, it’s necessary to know the reasons for leakage in hydraulic excavator components to protect the safety of equipment and human beings.

20.  What are the causes of failure in hydraulic excavator components?

The major causes of failures of hydraulic excavator components are:

• Mainly of wear, corrosion and sticking.
• The factors that usually fail a component are actuation overloads, incorrect operations, bad design, improper maintenance, etc.
• Improperly operate the excavator.
• Tightening the bolts on the cylinder or other parts with too much force.
• The operating load does not match the hydraulic system specifications.

If the failure or malfunction happens in the middle of work, it will finally lead to the failure of the whole machine and even havoc injury.

So, excavator operators need to know the various causes of failures of excavator components.

21.  What do you mean by friction in hydraulic excavator components?

The friction is the static resistance between two points in a moving medium.

The term describes how well surfaces resist relative motion when forces are applied to them, often called “friction force”.

It is usually considered proportional to the force required to move a body against another body or a surface.

When it comes to hydraulic excavator components, friction plays an important role.

However, there are many types of hydraulic friction.

The amount and type of friction can vary depending on the type of material and the conditions in which the equipment is working.

We will focus on the three main types of friction for this article: Coulomb Friction, Hydraulic Friction, and Angular Friction.

Too much friction in your hydraulic excavator components may result in wear and tear or failure. To reduce friction, oil or hydraulic fluid is applied to your hydraulic excavator components.

22.  What is the working principle of hydraulic excavator components?

Different hydraulic excavator components work on the principle of hydraulics. The working is as follows:

The working principle of hydraulic excavator components is that the high oil pressure is propagated through the control valve to the hydraulic cylinder (or a series of support, auxiliary and drilling cylinders) by way of the oil pipe.

The differential pressure within the hydraulic cylinder is transmitted to the piston head utilizing the fluid. It drives the piston to extend or retract under the action of inertia during movement and rotation.

The fluid power is transferred to the tool attached to the cylinder.

The excavator boom cylinder, arm cylinder, hydraulic cylinder or bucket cylinder works following this working principle.

23.  What are the functions of different hydraulic excavator components?

A hydraulic excavator is a machine that uses powerful hydraulics to perform several different tasks, depending upon the size and complexity of the machine.

Power is supplied to hydraulic excavators by a hydraulic pump that forces oil or fluid via high-pressure tubing into a manifold.

Excavator boom cylinder raises or lowers your excavator boom.

Excavator arm cylinder raises or lowers the arm of your excavator.

The Excavator bucket cylinder moves the bucket for digging operation.

The final drive, Final drive motor, Track frames and tracks help move the excavator to move from one position to the other.

Slewing ring helps the excavator to rotate around its axis.

24.  Can I get my hydraulic excavator components repaired?

Yes, you can get your hydraulic excavator components repaired.

You can get them repaired by a professional technician or yourself if you are familiar with the process.

Before beginning, the repairing process takes out the malfunctioned component from your excavator.

Replace the damaged component and then install it on your excavator.

Finally, test your installation.

If the warranty of your component exists, you can replace the damaged one for free from your manufacturer.